Dalam beberapa penjelasan sebelumnya sudah terdapat pengertian dan penjelasan tentang conditionals, seperti first dan second conditionals. Dalam artikel kali ini kita akan membahas mengenai pengandaian tipe 3 serta bentuk pengandaian lainnya. Berikut adalah pengertian dan penjelasan tentang third conditional, wishes, dan regrets dalam bahasa Inggris.

Third Conditional, Wishes and Regrets

Dalam materi ini kita akan belajar tentang cara mengungkapkan hal – hal yang dapat atau sudah berbeda dan bagaimana mengungkapkan harapan di masa kini (present) dan di masa lalu (past).

A. The Third Conditional

the third conditional digunakan untuk menggambarkan berbagai kemungkinan yang tidak terjadi di masa lalu. Perhatikan beberapa contoh di bawah ini.

Kita dapat membuat kemungkinan yang tidak terlalu pasti dengan menggunakan kata might atau could dibandingkan dengan menggunakan kata would.

Contoh:

We might / could have won the match if Williams had not been injured.

(Kami mungkin / dapat memenangkan pertandingan tersebut jika William tidak terluka)

Form (Bentuk)

Bentuk dari kalimat pengandaian tipe 3 (conditional sentence type 3) adalah sebagai berikut.

If + past perfect, would (not) / might (not) / could (not) + have + past participle (Verb 3)

Contoh:

If I had not gone to Italy, I would not have met my husband.

(Jika saya tidak telah pergi ke Italia, saya tidak akan bertemu suami saya)

Klausa if (if clause) dapat ditulis / diucapkan sebelum atau sesudah klausa kemungkinan (the possibility clause). Ketika possibility clause berada di awal kalimat, tanda koma (,) tidak digunakan.

Contoh:

I would not have met my husband if I had not gone to Italy.

(Saya tidak akan telah bertemu suami saya jika saya tidak pergi ke Italia)

Catatan:

Kita dapat menggunakan conditional sentence type 3 dengan conditional sentence type 2. Perhatikan contoh di bawah ini.

Past Possibility                Present Result

If I had not gone to Italy, I would not be married now.

(Jika saya tidak pergi ke Italia, saya tidak akan menikah sekarang)

B. Wishes and Regrets (Harapan dan Penyesalan)

Kita dapat menggunakan kata wish untuk membicarakan tentang sesuatu di masa kini (present) atau di masa lalu (past) yang merupakan sebuah kebenaran atau bukan, namun kita ingin agar sesuatu tersebut menjadi kenyataan. Perhatikan penjelasan berikut ini.

1) Wishes about the present (Pernyataan tentang harapan di masa kini)

a) Wishes about situations or the speaker’s habits.

(Harapan tentang situasi atau kebiasaan si pembicara)

Untuk menyatakan hal ini, kita dapat menggunakan simple past tense dan past continuous tense.

Contoh:

• I wish he was more enthusiastic. (he is not enthusiastic)

Saya harap dia lebih bersemangat. (dia tidak bersemangat)

• I do wish it was not raining. (it is raining)

Saya berharap hari sedang tidak hujan. (hari sedang hujan)

• I wish I did not smoke so much. (I smoke a lot)

Saya harap saya tidak merokok terlalu banyak. (saya merokok terlalu banyak)

b) Wishes about actions (Harapan tentang kegiatan)

Kita dapat menggunakan would +bare infinitive (infinitive tanpa to).

Contoh:

• I wish he would stop (he is talking a lot now)

Saya harap dia akan berhenti berbicara. (dia berbicara terus sekarang)

• I wish they would hurry up their steps. (they are being slow)

Saya harap mereka telah mempercepat langkahnya. (mereka melangkah pelan – pelan)

2) Wishes about the past / regrets (Pernyataan tentang harapan di masa lalu / penyesalan)

Kita dapat menggunakan past perfect tense.

Contoh:

• I wish I had accepted the invitation. (I did not accept it)

Saya harap saya telah menerima undangannya. (Saya tidak menerimanya)

• He wishes he had never taken the job. (he did take the job)

Dia harap dia tidak mengambil pekerjaan tersebut. (dia telah mengambil pekerjaan tersebut)

Catatan:

If only dapat digunakan dengan cara yang ama dengan penggunakan kata wish (untuk penggunakan masa kini dan masa lalu). If only dapat membuat makna kalimat lebih kuat dan dramatis.

Contoh:

• If only I could drive. (I can’t drive)

– Seandainya saya dapat berkendara. (Saya tidak dapat berkendara)

• If only I had seen you earlier. I could have warned you about the traffic here. (I didn’t see you earlier)

– Seandainya saya telah melihatmu lebih awal. Saya dapat memperingatkanmu tentang lalu lintas di sini. (Saya tidak melihatmu lebih awal)

Demikianlah pengertian dan penjelasan tentang third conditional, wishes, dan regrets dalam bahasa Inggris. Semoga penjelasan tersebut dapat bermanfaat bagi teman – teman. Terima kasih.

(Source: 2003. Nettle & Hopkins. Developing Grammar in Context)

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Contoh Soal Latihan Bahasa Inggris tentang Present Simple Tense – Present Simple atau Simple Present Tense adalah jenis tense yang digunakan untuk menyatakan tentang kegiatan atau peristiwa yang terjadi sehari – hari, tentang kebenaran umum, jadwal, dan juga kegiatan rutin. Menyusun sebuah kalimat bahasa Inggris menggunakan jenis tense ini haruslah diperhatikan antara subjek dan juga kata kerja (verb) nya. Berikut adalah contoh soal latihan bahasa Inggris tentang Present Simple Tense.

Soal Latihan Bahasa Inggris tentang Present Simple Tense

A. Exercise 1: Subjects and Verbs (Latihan 1: Subjek dan Kata Kerja)

In the advertisements below, fill in the gaps with the correct pronoun from the box. The form of the present simple verb (e.g. doesn’t have or don’t have) will help you.

he it you I she they

Microwave-heated body / bed warmer

This special warmer gives you all the same warmth as a traditional hot-water bottle but it doesn’t have the problem of dangerous hot water. 1) _________ just put it in the microwave to heat up, and 2) _________ stays hot for hours.

“3) __________ always use mine on cold nights. It’s so easy to use!”

This electronic ductionary contains over 100,000 words.

4) __________ just needs two small batteries to run for hours and hours. Ordinary dictionaries are large, and for many people 5) _________ are inconvenient to carry around, but this electronic dictionary fits easily into your pocket or bag, so 6) __________ can take it wherever you go.

“7) __________ never go anywhere without my electronic dictionary. My colleagues often want to borrow it, and my daugter uses it too – 8) _________ checks her homework with it.”

DIETING SUCCESS

Does your weight depress you?
Do you hate dieting?

Dr. Dawes’s video course can help. On this new video, Dr. Dawes explains how to eat healthily. In six easy steps, 9) _________ shows you how to change your eating habits. “I am much slimmer now, and 10) _________ thank Dr. Dawes for that.”

B. Exercise 2: Asking questions (Latihan 2: Bertanya)

Linda Magee, a television news reporter, was interviewed about her day. Use the underlined phrases or sentences in the article below to write the interviewer’s questions.

I wake up around 7.00, earlier before my husband Alan. 1) He is a photographer, so he can often schoose the time of day that he wants to work. I don’t have breakfast, 2) because I eat a lot of snacks in the studio, but I get breakfast for the kids before I leave the house. 3) The kids usually have fruit and cereal or toast. 4) I generally wal or cycle to work unless the weather’s bad, and 5) it takes about half an hour on foot and about ten minutes by bike. When I arrive, 6) I discuss the day’s main stories with the news editor over a cup of coffee. After that we usually prepare the midday news, but sometimes new stories come in and we have to start again. At 11.00 Sandy, 7) the hair and make-up assistant, gets me ready for the camera. 8) Just before the broadcast I often feel nervous, even after all these years! 9) The programme starts at exactly 12.00 and 10) lasts 20 minutes. Then it’s bac to the news editor to do the whole thing again in time for the 4.00 broadcast.

Example: What time do you get up?

1. __________________________________________
2. __________________________________________
3. __________________________________________
4. __________________________________________
5. __________________________________________
6. __________________________________________
7. __________________________________________
8. __________________________________________
9. __________________________________________
10. __________________________________________

C. Exercise 3: Learning from learners (Latihan 3: Belajar dari Pelajar)

Look at this extract from a learner’s letter to a penfriend. There are 11 mistakes in it. frind and correct them. The first one has been done for you.

Dear Akram,
am
Thank you for your very interesting letter. I ˄ very pleased to be your penfriend. Are you really have a swimming pool in your garden? It sound wonderful. As you now from my advertisement I have 11 years old and came from Cartagena in Chile. I have got two sisters, Maria and Fernanda, and they is both older than me. My father own a small paper factory, but my mother just stays at home. She don’t work. We living in a house outside the city. My brother and I enjoying playing football. I am also like science-fiction films.

What about you? Tell me your favorite things or hobbies! Can’t wait to hearing from you soon.

Lisa

Demikianlah contoh soal latihan bahasa Inggris tentang Present Simple Tense. Semoga dapat membantu dan bermanfaat bagi teman – teman. Terima kasih.

(Source: 2003. Nettle & Hopkins. Developing Grammar in Context)

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Contoh Latihan Bahasa Inggris tentang Present Perfect Continuous – Tenses dalam bahasa Inggris dapat terbagi menjadi beberapa jenis menurut waktunya: Present (masa kini), Past (masa lalu), Perfect (telah terjadi dan masih berlangsung), dan Future (masa depan). Present Perfect Continuous merupakan jenis tense yang digunakan untuk menyatakan kejadian / kegiatan yang telah terjadi / dilakukan dan masih berlangsung hingga masa kini. Agar lebih memahami tentang penggunaan Present Perfect Continuous, berikut adalah contoh latihan bahasa Inggris tentang present Perfect Continuous.

Latihan Bahasa Inggris tentang Present Perfect Continuous

A. Exercise 1: Understanding meaning (Latihan 1: Memahami makna)

Tick (v) the best statement for each response.

B. Exercise 2: Matching (Latihan 2: Mencocokkan)

Read the sentences on the left. Complete each of them with a suitable ending on the right, a) – l). If two endings are possible, write both letters. You can use endings more than once.

Example:
I have cut g), c)

1. I have been cutting _______
2. We have talked _______
3. We have been talking _______
4. The foreign minister has been visiting _______
5. The foreign minister has visited _______
6. He has been having _______
7. He has had _______
8. The kids have played _______
9. The kids have been playing _______
10. My mother’s made _______
11. My mother’s been making _______
a) another accident.
b) Brunei twice in the last year.
c) some pictures out of magazines.
d) football in the park since lunchtime.
e) a lot of arguments recently.
f) about you.
g) about getting a dog before, and the answer is ‘No’!
h) my finger, and it hurts!
i) my wedding dress. It’s going to look wonderful when it’s finished.
j) two games of cards already.
k) my wedding dress. It’s wonderful.
l) Malaysia, Brunei and the Philippines.

C. Exercise 3: Choosing the right tense (Latihan 3: Memilih bentuk tense yang tepat)

In this conversation, fill in the gaps using the verb in brackets in the past simple or the present perfect simple or continuous.

A : I am exhausted. I have been shopping (shop) all afternoon and I don’t seem to have
found anything.
B : Oh, just take a little rest. What (1) ____________________ (you / look) for?
A : I (2) ____________________ (try) to find Annie a birthday present.
B : Well, what does she like?
A : She loves clothes, so I have been to about ten clothes shops but I (3)
__________________ (not find) anything suitable yet. I (4) __________________
(go) to about five others yesterday too!
B : As I know, recently, she (5) ____________________ (read) a lot recently, hasn’t
she? (6) __________________ (you / think) of a book? I (7) ___________________
(just / look) at some realy good new novels at that bookshop in the shopping centre.
A : That’s a good idea! Okay, I’ll have a look. What about you? Have you had a good
day?
B : Well, I (8) __________________ (look) for weeks for a bag to match this jacket,
and at last I (9) ___________________ (find) one. Here it is!

D. Exercise 4: True or false (Latihan 4: Benar atau salah)

Are the sentences below true or false? Write T for true and F for false.

1. Oh dear. I have been breaking the window. ____
2. They have scored three goals already and it’s only half time. ____
3. We have been having holidays in Spain for years. ____
4. How many exercises have you been doing? ____
5. I haven’t understood these questions. ____

Demikianlah contoh latihan bahasa Inggris tentang present Perfect Continuous. Semoga contoh latihan tersebut dapat bermanfaat untuk menambah pemahaman teman – teman tentang jenis tense ini. Terima kasih.

(Source: 2003. Nettle & Hopkins. Developing Grammar in Context)

(Web: caramudahbealajarbahasainggris.net)

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Latihan Soal Bahasa Inggris tentang Do, Does, Did beserta Kunci Jawabannya – Do, does, dan did dalam bahasa Inggris umumnya digunakan dalam kalimat tanya (interrogative) dan kalimat negatif (negative sentence). Do dan does digunakan dalam present tense, sedangkan did digunakan dalam past tense. Do, does dan did juga dapat digunakan sebagai penekanan tentang suatu hal dalam kalimat positif (positive sentence) yang menyatakan bahwa hal tersebut benar – benar dilakukan. Agar lebih memahami tentang penggunaannya do, does dan did, berikut adalah latihan soal bahasa Inggris tentang do, does dan did beserta kunci jawabannya.

I. In the conversation below, two friends are talking about the paranormal. Put phrases a) – j) in the correct gaps.

a) didn’t say you thought it was nonsense
b) do you think that
c) she did experience something paranormal
d) do always try to explain everything scientifically
e) don’t believe any paranormal stories though
f) do believe,
g) Do you believe in the paranormal
h) doesn’t mean I think it’s all nonsense
i) I do think some of the stories are true
j) didn’t think about ghosts

A : What about you g) ?
B : I’m not sure. I’ve never seen a ghost or anything, but (1) __________ . A friend of
mine has a strange story. She was in hospital, and two strange nurses came to see her
in the middle of the night. She never saw those nurses again, but she (2) __________
or anything until two years later when she heard that two nurses had died in that
room. So I think (3) _________ . I’m sure you (4) __________ .
A : Why (5) _________ ? I think I (6) __________ actually. OK, I’ve never seen
anything myself, and I probably never will, but that (7) _________ .
B : I (8) __________ , it’s just that I thought you weren’t the sort of person to believe
stories like that – you (9) __________ !

II. Match the spoken extracts (number 1 – 8) to their responses (point a – i), and underline the stressed auxiliary verbs. The stressed verbs may be in either column.

Example:

I haven’t bought her a birthday present yet, but I have sent her a card. ¬h)

1. I used to have hair down to my knees, you know. ___
2. I’m sure you don’t remember the last time we met. ___
3. Come in. Do sit down. ___
4. You forgot to post my letter! ___
5. I do like eggs for breakfast. ___
6. She says I don’t have to go. ___
7. You’re not being very helpful. I’d like to speak to the manager. ___
8. She didn’t walk to school this morning. ___ a) I am the manager.
b) I can. It was three years ago.
c) You didn’t! I don’t believe.
d) She did walk. I saw her.
e) Yes, I’m sorry, but I did remember everything else.
f) Mmm, so do I.
g) Well, I think you should.
h) Oh, that’s good.
i) Oh, thank you.

III. In the exercise I, you heard about a ghost story. Read the story in more detail below:

Carol:
“This happened while I was in hospital after an operation, and one night I was woken up by two nurses in my room. One of them touched my hair which I thought was a bit strange. The next day I told a nurse and she asked me to describe the nurses I’d seen, shich I did. She looked frightened, but said nothing. I was angry and decided to find the nurses, but I couldn’t and I never saw them again. It wasn’t until two years later that someone told me that two nurses had been killed in that hospital ten years before.”

A friend of Carol’s doesn’t believe the story. Fill in the gaps in Carol’s replies in 1 – 3.

Example:
You didn’t really see those nurses – you just imagined it.
I did see them. One nurse touched my hair.

1. I don’t think anyone touched your hair. You probably dream it.
_______________________________ . I never remember my dreams.

2. The sister didn’t believe your story, did she?
_______________________________ . She was frightened.

3. I expect you didn’t remember clearly what those nurses looked like.
________________________________ . I can still remember now.

Kunci Jawaban:

I.

1. (i) I do think some of the stories are true
2. (j) didn’t think about ghosts
3. (c) she did experience something paranormal
4. (e) don’t believe any paranormal stories though
5. (b) do you think that
6. (f) do believe,
7. (h) doesn’t mean I think it’s all nonsense
8. (a) didn’t say you thought it was nonsense
9. (d) do always try to explain everything scientifically

II.

1. I used to have hair down to my knees, you know. (c) You didn’t! I don’t believe you.
2. I’m sure you don’t remember the last time we met. (b) I can. It was three years ago.
3. Come in. Do sit down. (i) Oh, thank you.
4. You forgot to post my letter! (e) Yes, I’m sorry, but I did remember everything else.
5. I do like eggs for breakfast. (f) Mmm, so do I.
6. She says I don’t have to go. (g) Well, I think you should.
7. You’re not being very helpful. I’d like to speak to the manager. (a) I am the manager.
8. She didn’t walk to school this morning. (d) She did walk. I saw her.

III.

1. I didn’t dream it.
2. She actually did / She did.
3. I did remember it clearly / I did.

Demikianlah latihan soal bahasa Inggris tentang do, does dan did beserta kunci jawabannya. Semoga latihan soal tersebut dapat membantu menambah pemahaman teman – teman tentang penggunaan do, does dan did. Terima kasih.

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Latihan Soal Bahasa Inggris tentang Basic Questions beserta Kunci Jawabannya – Umumnya, jika kita ingin bertanya kepada seseorang dalam bahasa Inggris, kita harus tahu terlebih dahulu jenis – jenis pertanyaan serta bagaimana cara membuat pertanyaan tersebut. Contohnya seperti pertanyaan 5W+1H (what, when, which, who, where, why, how) yang terkadang membuat sebagian dari kita bingung bagaimana cara untuk membentuk pertanyaan tersebut dalam bahasa Inggris. Oleh karena itu, berikut adalah latihan soal bahasa Inggris tentang basic questions beserta kunci jawabannya.

I. Find the auxiliary verb or modal verb in each question and write it next to the question. if the question does not have one, explain why.

Examples:

• Are you working hard at the moment? Are
• You want anything from the shops, Fred? Auxiliary left out – spoken English

1. What sort of ice cream do you want? ___________________________
2. Where you going?                                     ___________________________
3. What is your name?                                     ___________________________
4. How can you say such a thing? ___________________________
5. Who gave you this lovely card? ___________________________
6. Have you ever been on an aeroplane? ___________________________
7. Which hotel costs the most? ___________________________
8. Where do you live?                                     ___________________________
9. You think he’s good-looking? ___________________________
10. What should I do?                                     ___________________________

II. Match the questions on the left side (number 1 – 8), to the answers on the right side (point a – i)

Example:

Who did you see?   g)

III.  A student was having interview to join an English course. Read the conversation between the two people and correct the mistakes in the quwstions, or tick (P) any correct questions.

Kunci Jawaban:

I.

1. do
2. Auxiliary left out – spoken English (are / were)
3. is
4. can
5. Auxiliary left out – spoken English (did)
6. Have
7. Auxiliary left out – spoken English (does)
8. do
9. Auxiliary left out – spoken English (Do)
10. should

II.

1. (c) Jane, but it’s OK – no one else did.
2. (a) I think there’s been an accident but no one’s hurt.
3. (e) The most expensive one, of course.
4. (b) The one with the best view.
5. (d) Is this it? sorry, I didn’t mean to.
6. (i) I think it was Jane’s.
7. (h) They think it was two escaped prisoners.
8. (f) The one I go to sometimes.

III.

1. How do you spell Castellano?
2. Where are you from, Lucia?
3. What are you doing? / What do you do?
4. What is your age? / How old are you?
5. What are / is the reason(s) you are taking this course?
6. Who told you about this course?
7. V (Right)
8. What is your hope for the future?

Demikianlah latihan soal bahasa Inggris tentang basic questions beserta kunci jawabannya. Semoga contoh latihan soal tersebut dapat membantu meningkatkan pemahaman teman – teman tentang basic question tersebut. Semoga bermanfaat!

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Latihan Soal Bahasa Inggris tentang Relative Clause beserta Kunci Jawaban – Relative Clause adalah sebuah klausa yang menjelaskan tentang kata benda yang terletak sebelum klausa tersebut. Relative Clause ini bercirikan memiliki kata hubung berupa who, which, that, where, when, whose, dan why. Setiap kata hubung tersebut memiliki fungsi yang berbeda, seperti menjelaskan tentang orang / binatang (who, that), menjelaskan tentang benda (which, that), menjelaskan tentang tempat (where), menjelaskan tentang waktu (when), menjelaskan tentang kepemilikan (whose), dan menjelaskan tentang alasan (why). Agar lebih jelasnya, berikut adalah latihan soal bahasa Inggris tentang relative clause beserta kunci jawabannya.

I. Underline the relative pronoun in the sentences below. Explain what it refers to, and decide whether it can be left out.

II. Match the two halves of the sentences (the beginnings of the sentences are on the left side and the rest of them are on the right side) and link them with a suitable relative pronoun.

Example:

This is one occasion when  >  h)

III. Complete each conversation with a suitable relative clause.

Example:

A: Do you want to go out tonight?

B: I’d love to, but there are a few things which I have to do.

1. A: Look over there! That’s him.

B: Who?

A: You know! The man who ________________________ .

B: Are you sure? Shouldn’t we call the police then?

2. A: I’ve decided what I want for my birthday. I want that blouse I told you about. The

one that ____________________________ .

B: Umm, I’m afraid I’ve already got your present for your birthday.

3. A: Are you going anywhere nice during the holidays?

B: Yes, we are actually. We are usually going to a place where ______________ _________________ .

4. A: I saw Mike yesterday.

B: Who’s Mike?

A: He’s the one whose ____________________________________________ .

B: Oh yes, she does that news programme on Friday nights, doesn’t she?

5. A: Have you seen any good films lately?

B: Yes, I saw a good one in a cinema last week. There was a very good scene where

____________________________________________________ .

Kunci Jawaban:

I.

II.

1. who > i)
2. what > a)
3. who > e)
4. that / which > d)
5. who / that > b)
6. that > g)
7. when > c)
8. what > f)

III.

(the answers can be vary depends on the students)

Demikianlah latihan soal bahasa Inggris tentang relative clause beserta kunci jawabannya. Dengan banyak berlatih mengerjakan soal, teman – teman pasti akan lebih mudah untuk memahami materi bahasa Inggris, termasuk materi relative clause ini. Semoga bermanfaat!

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Soal Latihan Bahasa Inggris tentang Third Conditional, Wishes and Regrets – Third conditional, wishes dan regrets adalah jenis ungkapan yang terkadang membuat sebagian orang bingung karena terdapat kemiripan dalam bentuk dan maknanya. Third conditional adalah jenis kalimat pengandaian yang menggunakan past tense dan past perfect tense. Sedangkan wishes dan regrets ini terkadang tertulis dalam past tense. Agar lebih jelasnya, berikut adalah soal latihan bahasa Inggris tentang third conditional, wishes dan regrets.

I. Read the regrets below and fill in the gaps using the information in italics.

Example:

If I’d passed my exam, I’d be a lawyer now.

I didn’t pass my exam.

1. If I’d left home ten minutes earlier, I _____________________________________

I didn’t catch the bus.

2. Maybe if _______________________________________ , and not literature, I would have a more useful job now.

I didn’t study science.

3. I wouldn’t have wasted so much time if _____________________________________ the exams were going to be so hard. I wish I’d realised that earlier.

I didn’t know the exams were going to be so hard.

4. Maybe if _____________________________________ as a child, I wouldn’t be so scared of dogs now.

I didn’t have a pet dog.

5. I do sometimes wish _____________________________________ . I would’ve been able to travel more.

I got married quite early.

6. Where are Dave and Susannah? The dinner’s going to be completely ruined.

I wish __________________________________________ .

They’re always late.

7. I wish _______________________________________ to work. This awful uniform makes me look ridiculous.

I can’t wear my own clothes.

8. My sister wishes _________________________________________ .

I always borrow my sister’s clothes and she hates it.

II. Learners were asked to talk in groups about their wishes and regrets. Rewrite the underline mistakes they made with wish and the third conditional.

A: Is there anything you regret, Kyoko?

B: Sometimes I think about my career. If I would have listened to my parents, I might have

become a violinist. How about you?

A: (1) I wish I can speak Japanese. Japanese is a unique language for me. I might like to go

and work in Japan one day. (2) I also wish my sister married her boyfriend. The whole

family wants her to.

C: One of my regret is about an ex-boyfriend. (3) I wish now I didn’t spend so much money

on him. If I’d known how he was going to treat me, (4) I would be more careful. Stefan,

you’re very quiet. Any regrets?

D: Only about food. I was very fussy eater as a child. (5) I wish I descovered good food

earlier. In my family, it’s my mother who has the regrets. (6) She wishes she would have

had the opportunities I had.

Example:

If I’d listened.

1. _________________________________
2. _________________________________
3. _________________________________
4. _________________________________
5. _________________________________
6. _________________________________

III. Read the stories about lucky escapes below and add an appropriate comment using the third conditional.

Example:

A robber broke into Mrs. Jakeson’s house, tied her up and started to look around for valuable items to steal. But luckily for Mrs. Jakeson her nephew arrived unexpectedly. The robber ran off without stealing anything. “If John, my nephew, hadn’t arrived, the robber might have stolen everything valuable,” she told a reporter.

1. When Sarah Donaldson got to the check-in desk, they asked her if she would stay one more day because they had overbooked the flight. They oferred her a room in a luxury hotel, and she agreed as she had no urgent appointments back home. She didn’t realize how lucky she was until she read that everyone on the plane had become ill with food poisoning. “If I ___________________________________________________ .”

2. Mike Watson and his girlfriend Deborah Willis had a lucy escape from their car yesterday. They were driving through town when they saw a friend of theirs walking alone, so they decided to park and say hello. One minute after stepping out of their car it exploded. “If we __________________________________________________ .”

Kunci Jawaban:

I.

1. I would have caught the bus
2. I had studied science
3. I had known the exams were going to be so hard
4. I had had a pet dog
5. I hadn’t got married quite early
6. They were always late
7. I could wear my own clothes
8. I didn’t always borrow her clothes

II.

1. I wish I could speak Japanese
2. I also wish my sister had married her boyfriend
3. I wish now I hadn’t spent so much money on him
4. I would have been more careful
5. I wish I had discovered good food
6. She wishes she would have

III.

1. If I hadn’t stayed one more day, I would have been ill with food poisoning.
2. If we hadn’t stepped out of our car, something very bad would have happened to us.

Demikianlah soal latihan bahasa Inggris tentang third conditional, wishes dan regrets. Berlatih banyak soal bahasa Inggris dapat meningkatan kemampuan dan pengetahuan teman – teman tentang materi tersebut. Good luck!

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Soal Latihan tentang Penggunaan Khusus Articles dalam Bahasa Inggris dan Kunci Jawaban –Articles (kata sandang) dalam bahasa Inggris yaitu berupa kata a, an, dan the. Articles biasanya digunakan untuk menentukan / menunjukkanbahwa suatu kata benda (noun) sudah /belum teridentifikasi (unidentified /identified). Untuk menunjukkan unidentifiednoun dapat menggunakan article ‘a /an’, sementara article ‘the’digunakan untuk menunjukkan identifiednoun. Namun articles juga memiliki penggunaan khusus, salah satunya adalahuntuk menunjukkan proper nouns. Agarlebih jelasnya, berikut adalah soal latihan tentang penggunaan khusus articles dalam bahasa Inggris dan kuncijawabannya.

I. Why do you think the name ‘Dorothy Comm’ might be special? In gaps 1 – 10, write a, the or no article (if you think so).

Dorothy Bell Commis wondering what all the fuss is about. in the past three months the quiet 68-year-old from  -­  California, (1) _________ English professor and mother, has become (2) _________ international celebrity with appearances on television, and now, in her favourite newspaper, (3) __________ Times.

Her name is the reason for her fame. Dorothy, known to her friends as Dot Comm, rose to instant fame in (4) __________ October when she was ‘discovered’ by (5) __________ Excite, an Internet media company.

(6) _________ nameDot Com is heard several times an hour on television and radio stations throughout (7) _________ North America, and increasingly (8) _________ world,as (9) __________ companies who do business on (10) __________ Internetpublicise their web addresses. The vast majority of these addresses start with www and end with .com (dot com).

II.Read these descriptions of famous places written by learners. They made some mistakes with articles. Correct the underlined phrases or tick (v) them if they are correct. What cities are they describing?

Description 1

River Seine flows through this city. It’s famous for its tower which gives a wonderful view across the city. It’s called (1) the Eiffel Tower. There’s a world famous art gallery called (2) Louvre. Just outside this city is (3) Palace of Versailles.

City name: …………………………….

Description 2

This city is divided into two by (4) the Bosphorus Sea. Half of it is in (5) the Asia and half in (6) the Europe. It has many beautiful old buildings, including (7) the Blue Mosque and (8) the Topkapi Palace. It used to be called (9) the Constantinople.

City name:…………………………..

Description 3

This city is famous for its cathedral,(1) the Duomo, and the bridge over (11) Arno River called (12) the Ponte Vecchio. There are almost (13) hundred museums and art galleries in this city. (14) Most famous art gallery is (15) Uffizi.

City name: …………………………..

Put your answers here.

River Seine                 : (x) > The River Seine

1. the Eiffel Tower      : ……………………………………..

2. Louvre                     : ……………………………………..

3. Palace of Versailles : ……………………………………..

4. the Bosphorus Sea  : ……………………………………..

5. the Asia                   : ……………………………………..

6. the Europe               : ……………………………………..

7. the Blue Mosque     : ……………………………………..

8. the Topkapi             : ……………………………………..

9. the Constantinople  : ……………………………………..

10. the Duomo            : ……………………………………..

11. Arno River            : ……………………………………..

12. the Ponte Vecchio : ……………………………………..

13. hundred                 : ……………………………………..

14. Most famous         : ……………………………………..

15. Uffizi                    : ……………………………………..

III. A schoolchild wrote the following geographical description of Britain, but a computer error removed all examples of the. Add the in 4 more places (after the example).

The

˄ United Kingdom is an island surrounded by English Channel, Irish Sea Atlantic and North Sea. It’s made up of four regions:England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland, and although London is capital of whole country, each region has its own capital city (London, Edinburgh,Cardiff and Belfast). Best-known rivers are Thames, which flows through London, Severn which divides England and Wales, and in north of England, humber  and Hersey.

Kunci Jawaban:

I.

1. An
2. An
3. The
4. –
5. The
6. The
7. –
8. The
9. –
10. The

II.

1. the Eiffel Tower      : (v)

2.Louvre                     : (x) > The Louvre

3. Palace of Versailles : (x) > The Palace of Versailles

City name: Paris

4. the Bosphorus Sea  : (v)

5. the Asia                   : (x) > Asia

6. the Europe               : (x) > Europe

7. the Blue Mosque     : (v)

8. the Topkapi             : (v)

9. the Constantinople  : (v)

            City name: Istanbul

10. the Duomo            : (v)

11.Arno River            : (x) > The Arno River

12. the Ponte Vecchio : (v)

13.hundred                 : (x) > a hundred

14. Most famous         : (x) > the most famous

15.Uffizi                    : (x) > the Uffizi

            City name: Florence

III.

(The) United Kingdom is an island surrounded by English Channel, Irish Sea, Atlanticand North Sea. It’s made up of four regions: England, Wales, Scotland andNorthern Ireland, and although London is capital of whole country, each regionhas its own capital city (London, Edinburgh, Cardiff and Belfast). Best-known riversare (the) Thames, which flows through London, (the) Severn which divides England and Wales, and in north of England, (the) Humber and (the) Hersey.

Demikianlahsoal latihan tentang penggunaan khusus articlesdalam bahasa Inggris dan kunci jawabannya. Perbanyaklah berlatih soal agar pemahaman bahasa Inggris teman – teman lebih baik lagi. Semoga bermanfaat!

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Detail Penjelasan tentang Possessives dan Demonstratives dalam Bahasa Inggris – Possessive dan Demonstrative dalam bahasa Inggris digunakan untuk membantu menjelaskan kata benda (noun) dalam sebuah kalimat. Possessive dan Demonstrative memiliki bentuk dan juga kegunaan / fungsi yang berbeda dalam menjelaskan suatu kata benda (noun). Untuk lebih memahami materi ini, berikut adalah detail penjelasan tentang possessives dan demonstratives dalam bahasa Inggris.

A. Possessive

Penggunaan Possessives dalam Kalimat Bahasa Inggris

Possessives adalah kata yang menunjukkan sebuah kepemilikan (baik itu benda, hewan, tumbuhan, atau pun orang). Untuk menunjukkan kepemilikan dalam bahasa Inggris, digunakan possessive adjectives, yaitu my, your, his, her, its, our, their, whose, dan name’s (contohnya: David’s, John’s, Louis’). Dalam penggunaan possessives dalam kalimat bahasa Inggris, terdapat beberapa aturan yang harus diperhatikan yaitu sebagai berikut.

1. Possessives are followed by a noun or noun phrase (Possessives diikuti oleh sebuah kata benda atau frasa kata benda).

Contoh:

His classroom was up some steps.

(Ruang kelasnya berada di lantai atas)

2. We can use whose to make questions about possession (Kita dapat menggunakan kata ‘whose’ untuk membuat pertanyaan mengenai kepemilikan).

Contoh:

• Whose classroom is up a flight of stairs?

(Ruang kelas siapakah yang berada di lantai atas?)

• David’s

(Ruang kelasnya David)

3. To make a noun possessive, we use an apostrophe. With singular nouns we use ­‘s (Untuk membentuk kepemilikan dari sebuah kata benda, kita dapat menggunakan tanda apostrof. Kita dapat menggunakan tanda ‘s untuk kata benda tunggal).

Contoh:

• David’s classroom was up some steps.

(Ruang kelas David berada di lantai atas)

• The woman’s babies were in a large room.

(Anak bayi wanita tersebut berada di sebuah ruangan besar)

4. With names ending in s, we can write as follows (Untuk nama yang berakhiran s, kita dapat menulisnya sebagai berikut).

Contoh:

• Chris’ book

(Buku milik Chris)

Atau

• Chris’s book

(Buku milik Chris)

5. With plural nouns, we can use s’ (Untuk kata benda jamak, kita dapat menggunakan s’)

Contoh:

• She left the twin babies’ bottles at the room.

(Dia meninggalkan botol – botol milik bayi kembarnya di ruangan tersebut)

• The girls’ school was not far from the boys’

(Sekolah untuk anak perempuan tersebut tidaklah jauh dari sekolah untuk anak laki – laki)

6. With irregular plurals, we can use ‘s (Untuk kata benda jamak yang tidak beraturan, kita dapat menggunakan ‘s).

Contoh:

The children’s mother was with them.

(Ibu dari anak – anak tersebut ada bersama mereka)

 B. Demonstratives

Demonstratives adalah kata – kata yang berupa this, that, these, dan those yang digunakan untuk memberikan informasi tentang dimana / lokasi suatu benda. Untuk menunjukkan benda – benda yang berjarak dekat, gunakanlah kata this (untuk benda tunggal) atau these (untuk benda jamak). Sementara untuk menunjukkan benda – benda yang berjarak jauh, maka gunakanlah kata that (untuk benda tunggal) atau those (untuk benda jamak).

Perhatikan tabel dibawah ini tentang penggunaan demonstratives yang berhubungan dengan waktu dan jarak.

Penggunaan Demonstratives dalam Kalimat Bahasa Inggris

Dalam penggunaannya untuk menerangkan kata benda (noun) dalam kalimat bahasa Inggris, demonstratives memiliki beberapa aturan yang harus diperhatikan yaitu sebagai berikut.

1. This, that, these and those are not always followed by a noun or noun phrase (Kata this, that, these, dan those tidaklah harus selalu diikuti oleh kata benda atau frasa kata benda)

Contoh:

Do you want these? (These things I am holding)

(Apakah kamu mau ini? (Ini dalam konteks ini adalah benda yang sedang saya pegang))

2. This and that are often used to point back to whole sentences or ideas (Kata this dan that sering digunakan untuk merujuk kepada keseluruhan kalimat atau ide).

Contoh:

He was terrified of flying. This / that was why he’s never been abroad.

(Dia takut ketinggian / takut untuk terbang). Ini / itulah kenapa dia tidak pernah pergi ke luar negeri)

3. Often there is little difference in meaning between this or that in backward-pointing reference, although that can be used to point back to something that was in the past and is now finished (Seringkali ada sedikit perbedaan makna antara penggunaan kata this dan that untuk merujuk kepada suatu hal, meskipun kata that dapat digunakan untuk merujuk kepada sesuatu yang terjadi di masa lalu dan sudah selesai di masa kini).

Contoh:

That was an interesting story.

(Itu adalah cerita yang menarik)

4. Usually, this and these are used for forward-pointing reference (Biasanya, kata this dan these digunakan untuk merujuk kepada hal yang terjadi di masa kini).

Contoh:

Watch! This is the way to turn on the oven.

(Perhatikan! Ini adalah cara untuk menghidupkan oven)

Demikianlah detail penjelasan tentang possessive dan demonstrative dalam bahasa Inggris. Penjelasan di atas diharapkan dapat menambah pemahaman teman – teman tentang penggunaan possessive dan demontrative. Semoga bermanfaat!

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Soal Latihan Bahasa Inggris tentang Penggunaan Possessives dan Demonstratives – Possessives dan demonstratives menerangkan kata benda (noun) yang mengikutinya. Possessives adalah bentuk kepemilikan yang biasa juga disebut dengan possessive adjectives (my, your, his, her, its, our, their). Sedangkan demonstratives adalah kata tunjuk (this, that, these, those) yang menerangkan letak suatu benda. Agar lebih jelasnya, berikut adalah soal latihan bahasa Inggris tentang penggunaan possessives dan demonstratives beserta kunci jawabannya.

1. Say what or who the underlined possessives refer to.

Text 1

Within two months a two-year-old girl, Robin Hawkins of Grand Rapids, Michigan, has destroyed her family’s television, dishwasher and refrigerator, flushed the cat down the toilet and managed to start (1) their car, making it crash into a tree and causing over $1,000-worth of damages. Among (2) her other acts are painting the walls with nail varnish, and drilling 50 holes in them.

Text 2

Patrick M. O’Connor, 21, was arrested when he tried to rob a grocery store on Calgary, Canada. He failed because of two things: (3) his only weapon was an ordinary can opener, which did not scare the shop assistant, and he was with (4) his girlfriend’s 16-month-old baby, who kept falling out of (5) its pushchair while O’Connor was trying to get away.

Text 3

A resident of Oak Harbor, Washington, reported (6) his neighbour to the police for putting (7) his dog on the bonnet of (8) his car and driving along at 70 mph. The owner said the dog loved it.

Write your answers here.

Example:

Robin Hawkins

1. ___________________
2. ___________________
3. ___________________
4. ___________________
5. ___________________
6. ___________________
7. ___________________
8. ___________________

II. Fill in the gaps in the conversation with its, my, our, your, or their. You can use a word more than once.

After just two singles people are describing The Toys as the next big rock‘n’roll band. Paul Gray talks to John Rogers in the Evening Sun.

John     : Do you think you will still be successful in ten years’ time?

Paul     : Probably our latest recording is the best yet and (1) _______ music makes people

get up and dance.

John     : What do you think when people criticise (2) _______ image?

Paul     : We don’t care about image much. When I get up in the morning, I am not

thinking about whether someone might take (3) _______ photograph today.

John     : How do you feel about (4) _______ sudden rise to fame?

Paul     : I don’t mind being famous, but I don’t like it when a journalist tells lies just tp try to

sell (5) _______ papers. I mean, that happened last month, when a newspaper said

we were going to break up. (6) _______ fans were upset but it was total rubbish. In

fact (7) _______ editor later apologised to us, which was great!

III. In the letter below to a bank, put section a) – e) in the correct order.

a) This paying back the money will not be possible for the following reasons:

b) I suggest you check your records, and I imagine that your records will show serious errors on your part.

c) I am writing with reference to the letter from you of 14 July. The letter requested that I repay the bank the sum of $1,000 by the coming Thursday.

d) 1 – I do not have $1,000.

2 – I did not borrow $1,000 from the bank in which you work.

3 – I am not, and have never been, a customer of your bank. I bank with the bank opposite you, and the service of this bank is always excellent.

4 – You addressed the letter to ‘Mr. Andrew Rogers’. Mr. Andrew Rogers is not my name.

My name is Roger Andrew.

e) Should you wish to discuss the matters mentioned above further, the address of my solicitor is reproduced below.

1. c)
2. ___
3. ___
4. ___
5. ___

IV. Look at some sentences below which include possessives. Correct four more mistake after the example.

Example:

these

I don’t like this exercises. Can I do a different one?

a) Jose isn’t here. He told me about he’s broken arm. He’ll try and come on Thursday.

b) In the my country, we drink tea with sugar and milk.

c) My sister was getting married soon. His idea was to have a really big party and invite everyone she knew.

d) My parents had booked the biggest hotel in town for the party because his reputation was good.

Kunci Jawaban:

I.

1. Robin Hawkins’s family
2. Robin Hawkins
3. Patrick M. O’Connor
4. Patrick M. O’Connor
5. his girlfriend’s 16-montj-old baby
6. A resident of Oak Harbor
7. His neighbour
8. His neighbour

II.

1. Our
2. Your
3. My
4. Your
5. Their
6. Our
7. Its

III.

1. c)
2. b)
3. a)
4. d)
5. e)

IV.

1. Jose isn’t here. He told me about he’s (his) broken arm. He’ll try and come on Thursday.
2. In the my country, we drink tea with sugar and milk.
3. My sister was getting married soon. His (her) idea was to have a really big party and invite everyone she knew.
4. My parents had booked the biggest hotel in twon for the party because his (its) reputation was good.

Demikianlah soal latihan bahasa Inggris tentang penggunaan possessives dan demonstratives beserta kunci jawabannya. Semoga dengan berlatih soal teman – teman lebih mengerti tentang penggunaan possessives dan demonstratives tersebut. Terima kasih.

The post Soal Latihan Bahasa Inggris tentang Penggunaan Possessives dan Demonstratives appeared first on Cara Mudah Belajar Bahasa Inggris.

Penjelasan Detail tentang Order of Adjectives dalam Bahasa Inggris – Adjectives merupakan kata sifat yang digunakan untuk menggambarkan / mendeskripsikan kata benda (noun). Dalam penulisannya, adjectives ini tidak sembarang ditulis namun memiliki aturan khusus ketika ada sua atau lebih adjectives digunakan untuk menggambarkan / menjelaskan kata benda (noun). Kali ini kita akan membahas tentang penjelasan detail tentang order of adjectives dalam bahasa Inggris.

ORDER OF ADJECTIVES

Kata sifat (adjectives) dan kata benda (nouns) dapat memodifikasi (mengubah arti / makna) dari kata benda (noun) lain. Perhatikan contoh di bawah ini.

adj       noun

I bought a lovely painting.

(Saya membeli sebuah lukisan yang indah)

adj    adj    noun   noun

I bought two large luxury bath towels.

(Saya membeli dua handuk mandi besar mewah)

A. Types of Words which Modify Nouns

Terdapat dua tipe kata yang dapat memodifikasi (mengubah arti / makna) dari kata benda, yaitu sebagai berikut.

1. Classifiers (Kata Klasifikasi)

Classifiers adalah kata benda (noun) atau kata sifat (adjectives) yang menunjukkan jenis (type) dari suatu benda.

Contoh:

• A kitchen table

(Sebuah meja dapur)

• Two-seater sofas

(Sofa dengan dua tempat duduk)

• School books

(Buku – buku sekolah)

2. Describers (Kata Penjelas)

Describers adalah kata sifat (adjectives) yang menunjukkan kualitas (quality) dari kata benda (noun) atau pendapat dari si penulis.

Contoh:

• A large towel

(Sebuah handuk besar)

• A nice sofa

(Sebuah sofa yang bagus)

B. Rules of Order of Adjectives

Terdapat beberapa aturan dalam penulisan urutan kata sifat (order of adjectives) dalam bahasa Inggris yang berkaitan dengan urutan describers dan classifiers yaitu sebagai berikut.

1. Describers come before classifiers.

Kata penjelas terletak sebelum kata klasifikasi.

Contoh:

2. Describers often follow this order:

opinion before size before age before shape before colour

(pendapat sebelum ukuran sebelum umur sebelum bentuk sebelum warna)

Contoh:

• An interesting old film

(Sebuah film tua yang menarik)

• A big yellow truck

(Sebuah truk kuning besar)

• A small round yellow clock

(Sebuah jam kuning bulat kecil)

Secara umum, kata penjelas subjektif (subjective describers) yang berupa pendapat (feeling and opinion) terletak sebelum kata penjelas objektif (objective describers).

3. Classifiers often follow this order:

Nationality before material before type

Kebangsaan sebelum bahan sebelum jenis

Contoh:

• An Italian leather motorcycle jacket

(Sebuah jaket motor kulit dari Italia)

• An English wooden coffee table

(Sebuah meja kopi kayu dari Inggris)

4. Biasanya dua atau tiga kata sifat (adjectives) tidak digunakan sekaligus, namun hal tersebut memungkinkan untuk digunakan.

Contoh:

(Saya menemukan sebuah jam tangan emas dari Swiss kecil yang indah, tetapi harganya terlalu mahal)

5. Dalam bahasa Inggris tulis (written English), aturan di atasdapat digunakan / tidak. Jika aturan tersebut tidak digunakan, maka:

a. Penggunaan tanda koma (,) sangat diperlukan di antara kata sifat (adjectives). Perhatikan contoh di bawah ini.

• It was an old, interesting

(Itu adalah film tua yang menarik)

• A round, small

(Sebuah jam dinding bulat yang kecil)

b. Menggunakan kata ‘and’ di antara dua warna.

Contoh:

• A red and yellow

(Sebuah gaun berwarna merah dan kuning)

• A pair of black and white

(Sepasang sepatu berwarna hitam dan putih)

c. Jika ada beberapa kata sifat (adjectives) setelah kata benda (noun), maka gunakanlah kata ‘and’ di antara dua adjectives terakhir.

Contoh:

• Her watch was new and expensive.

(Jam tangannya baru dan mahal)

• The house was large, old and cold.

(Rumah tersebut besar, tua dan dingin)

Contoh Soal:

I. Here is a list of things for sale on a website. Match them to the categories in the box below.

1. A pretty, antique, pine kitchen table. > furniture
2. Japanese hand-painted tea cups. > ___________
3. An ancient Roman oil-lamp.             > ___________
4. An outstanding mountain scene. > ___________
5. A set of small blue bowls.             > ___________
6. Two beautiful two-seater sofas. > ___________
7. Two large luxury bath towels. > ___________

antiques           ceramics          furniture          paintings          small items for the home

II. From the sentences in I, which come first:

1. Adjectives of size or adjectives of colour?
2. Adjectives that give opinion or feelings about something (e.g. beautiful) or adjectives that describe physical characteristics (e.g. ancient)?

III. Put these adjectives and nouns in order.

1. a belt                  leather             new                 wonderful
   • ____________________________________________________
2. a German           fascinating       movie              old
   • ____________________________________________________
3. an intelligent        legal                 new                 secretary
   • ___________________________________________________

Kunci Jawaban:

I.

1. Furniture
2. Ceramics
3. Antiques
4. Paintings
5. Small items for the home
6. Furniture
7. Small ites for the home

II.

1. Adjectives of size
2. Adjectives that give opinion or feelings

III.

1. A wonderful new leather belt
2. A fascinating old German movie
3. An intelligent new legal secretary

Demikianlah penjelasan detail tentang order of adjectives dalam bahasa Inggris. Penggunaan lebih dari satu adjectives memang terkadang membingungkan, namun hal tersebut tidak akan sulit lagi jika teman – teman terus berlatih. Semoga bermanfaat!

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Soal Latihan Bahasa Inggris tentang Order of Adjectives dan Kunci Jawaban – Adjectives merupakan kata sifat yang digunakan untuk menggambarkan kata benda (noun). Untuk menggambarkan suatu kata benda dapat menggunakan satu atau lebih adjectives. Order of adjectives (urutan kata sifat) digunakan ketika dua atau lebih adjectives digunakan sekaligus untuk menggambarkan sebuah kata benda. Agar lebih memahami tentang materi ini, berikut adalah soal latihan bahasa Inggris tentang order of adjectives dan kunci jawaban.

I. Find one example of each adjective pattern (number 1 – 8) from sentences (point a – i).

Example:

Opinion, opinion         > f)

Adjective Patterns:

1. colour, nationality > _____
2. colour, colour > _____
3. opinion, age > _____
4. material, type > _____
5. opinion, size > _____
6. age, material > _____
7. size, shape > _____
8. age, type > _____

Sentences:

a. My friend has got a lovely young son who smiles all the time.

b. I liked the blue American car best. What about you?

c. I am selling my wooden coffee table if you are interested?

d. What did that silly little boy say?

e. She wore a red and gold wedding dress.

f. Franess wanted to meet him because he sounded such a charming polite

g. Shall we throw away those old coffee cups?

h. Susan’s the one with the large round

i. Jackie found an antique silver bracelet on the beach.

II. There are some mistakes with the order of adjectives in learners’ descriptive below. Correct the mistakes, or tick (P) the order if it is correct.

Descriptive 1

A LUCKY ESCAPE

My aunt was a overweight plain woman, with (1) grey short hair and a pair of (2) brown sparkling eyes. I loved her very much. She lived alone with her cats. One of her cats, Farid, who was a (3) ginger very small cat, always liked to sit on me when I visited. On When I visited my aunt the other day, I knocked on the door but there was no answer. Sudenly I heard a (4) horrible loud scream from inside the house. I found that the door was open. I went inside and up the stairs. In the bedroom, I found Farid making the terrible noise sitting next to my aunt. She was unconscious and lying on the (5) wooden dark floor. Then I phoned for an ambulance and got her to hospital. My aunt recovered, but I wouldn’t have gone into the house if I hadn’t heard the cat.

Order of Adjectives:

Example:

Overweight plain        > Plain overweight

1. ________________
2. ________________
3. ________________
4. ________________
5. ________________

Descriptive 2

A CHILDHOOD MEMORY

It was a (6) bright Sunday beautiful morning. Birds were singing and dogs were barking. It was the day of my first picnic on the beach. As soon as we parked the car, I ran down to the (7) lovely golden long beach. I could feel the (8) refreshing gentle breeze on my skin. My family found a tree to sit under for out picnic, and my mother unpacked all the (9) fresh delicious food she had prepared. I played in the sand for a while. I built a sandcastle, but unfortunatelya (10) little nasty girl came and walked on it. This upset me, but I decided to build another one after lunch.

Order of Adjectives:

6. _________________
7. _________________
8. _________________
9. _________________
10. _________________

III. Choose adjectives from each box to complete each conversation. More than one answer may be possible.

Example:

leather             small

A: Judy found a small leather purse. Is it yours?

B: Oh, thanks. I have been looking for that everywhere.

Italian              leather             leather             lovely

modern            Turkish            wooden           low

A: I am looking for some (1) ___________ ___________ trousers. Have you got any?

B: Italian? I have got some very nice (2) ___________ _________ trousers, but they have got

a (3) __________ ___________ design. You will find them on the (4) ___________

__________ shelves at the other end of the shop.

French             funny               new                 old                   shiry

A: Have you seen James and Alice recently? There is a (5) __________ _________ car

sitting outside their house!

B: Really? I rather liked that (6) ____________ ____________ ____________ one they had,

but they needed something newer.

cotton              dark                 white               woollen

A: Can you pass me my hat?

B: There is a (7) ____________ ____________ hat here.

A: No, not that one. It’s too much warm. The (8) ____________ ___________ one, please, if

you can find it.

Kunci Jawaban:

I.

1. b)
2. e)
3. a)
4. c)
5. d)
6. g)
7. h)
8. i)

II.

1. Short grey
2. Sparkling brown
3. Very small ginger
4. P
5. Dark wooden
6. Beautiful bright Sunday
7. Lovely long golden
8. Refreshing and gentle / refreshing, gentle
9. Fresh and delicious / fresh, delicious
10. Nasty little

III.

1. Italian leather
2. Turkish leather
3. Lovely modern
4. Low wooden
5. New shiny
6. Funny old French
7. White woollen
8. Dark cotton

Demikianlah soal latihan bahasa Inggris tentang order of adjectives dan kunci jawaban. Beberapa latihan di atas diharapkan dapat menambah pemahaman teman – teman. Terima kasih.

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Penjelasan Singkat tentang Ungkapan Requests, Permission and Offers beserta Contohnya – Requests, permission and offers adalah beberapa contoh dari ungkapan yang dipelajari dalam bahasa Inggris. Ungkapan – ungkapan tersebut tidak hanya memiliki ciri khusus berupa sebuah kata atau frasa, namun juga memiliki struktur kalimat tersendiri. Agar lebih memahami tentang penggunaannya, berikut adalah penjelasan singkat tentang ungkapan requests, permission and offers beserta contoh kalimatnya.

Sebelum masuk ke materi, ada baiknya teman – teman mengetahui bahwa dalam bahasa Inggris, cara kita mengungkapkan sebuah permintaan (requests), meminta izin (ask for permission), atau membuat sebuah tawaran / menawarkan (make an offer) sangat bergantung pada:

• Hubungan antara orang – orang yang terlibat dapat percakapan tersebut, dan
• Bagaimana ungkapan tersebut diucapkan, percakapan tersebut berlangsung, dan kita mendapat jawaban yang positif.

A. Penjelasan tentang Ungkapan Requests

1. Sebuah ungkapan request digunakan ketika kita meminta seseorang untuk melakukan sesuatu.

Contoh Kalimat:

Jennie, would you bring those books for me?

(Jennie, maukah kamu membawakan buku-buku tersebut untukku?)

2. Dalam membuat ungkapan request, kita dapat menggunakan kata kerja modal yaitu: can, could, will, atau would.

Contoh Kalimat:

• Can you hang it on the wall, please?

(Dapatkah kamu menggantungnya di dinding?)

• Could I have my glasses, please?

(Dapatkah saya dapat mengambil kacamata saya kembali?)

• Would you pass me my glasses?

(Maukah kamu mengambilkan kacamata saya?)

• Would you mind writing the letter for me?

(Apakah kamu mau menuliskan suratnya untuk saya?)

• Will you watch the movie with me?

(Maukah kamu menonton film denganku?)

3. Dalam percakapan bahasa Inggris yang informal, kita dapat menggunakan frasa Do you want to … atau Would you like to … dalam membuat ungkapan

Contoh Kalimat 1:

A  : Do you want me to take that book?

(Apakah kamu mau saya ambilkan buku tersebut?)

B  : Yes, OK.

(Ya, baiklah)

Contoh Kalimat 2 (dengan penambahan kata just untuk pembicaraan dalam bahasa Inggris):

Would you like to just close the door for me?

(Maukah kamu menutup pintunya untuk saya?)

4. Terkadang kita juga dapat menggunakan kata Can / Could I have … yang bermakna Can you get it for me? (Dapatkah kamu mengambilkannya untuk saya?).

Contoh Kalimat:

Can I have my suitcase? > meaning: Can you get my suitcase for me?

(Dapatkah saya mendapatkan koper saya? > arti: Dapatkah kamu mengambilkan koper tersebut untuk saya?)

5. Ungkapan request ini umumnya akan lebih panjang dalam situasi yang lebih formal, atau jika terdapat kemungkinan bahwa kita akan mendapatkan respon yang negatif. Bandingkanlah dua kalimat berikut ini:

Kalimat 1:

Can you take that book for me?

> informal, likely to get a positive response.

(Dapatkah kamu mengambilkan buku tersebut untuk saya?)

> situasi tidak formal, dan kemungkinan akan mendapatkan respon positif

Kalimat 2:          

I know this is my big favour, but I am wondering if you could lend me some money?

> more formal, less likely to get a positive answer

(Saya tahu ini adalah permintaan besar saya, namun saya ingin tahu apakah kamu dapat meminjamkan saya uang?)

> situasi lebih formal, dan kemungkinannya kecil untuk mendapatkan respon positif

6. Berikut ini adalah contoh ungkapan lain dalam membuat ungkapan request yang lebih panjang dan sopan:

• Would it be possible to go out with you tonight?

(Apakah mungkin untuk pergi keluar denganmu malam ini?)

• Do you think you could help me?

(Apakah menurutmu kamu dapat membantuku?)

7. Respon untuk ungkapan request.

a) Positive responses

Ada beberapa ungkapan untuk menunjukkan respon positif yaitu:

• Yes, of course
• Sure
• Yeah
• OK
• No problem

b) Negative responses

Jika kamu tidak dapat melakukan suatu hal, kamu harus mengucapkan ungkapan permintaan maaf (I am sorry, I apoligize, I am very sorry, etc) dan memberikan sebuah alasan.

Contoh:

A           : Can you help me with my final school project?

(Dapatkah kamu menjemput saya di stasiun?)

B           : Oh, I am so sorry, but I can’t. I have already promised to help Dina.

(Saya minta maaf, saya tidak bisa. Saya sudah berjanji untuk membantu Dina)

B. Penjelasan tentang Ungkapan Permission and Offers

a) Asking for and giving permission

1. Kita dapat menggunakan kata Can / Could / May I … untuk menanyakan jika kita suatu hal boleh dilakukan.

Contoh Kalimat:

A            : Can / Could / May I buy that dress?

(Dapatkah saya membeli gaun tersebut?)

B            : Well, all right, since you will have a party.

(Baiklah, karena kamu akan datang ke sebuah pesta)

2. Kita juga dapat menggunakan ungkapan lain yang lebih formal.

Contoh Kalimat:

• Would you mind if I / Would it be all right if I went out tonight?

(Apakah boleh / diperbolehkan jika saya pergi keluar malam ini?)

• Is it all right if I / Do you mind if I visit Dubai?

(Apakah boleh jika saya berkunjung ke Dubai?)

3. Kata can dapat digunakan untuk memberikan izin (permission).

Contoh Kalimat:

You can use my phone everytime.

(Kamu dapat menggunakan telpon saya setiap saat)

b) Offers

Kita dapat menggunakan ungkapan di bawah ini untuk memberikan tawaran kepada seseorang:

• Can I help you?

(Dapatkah saya membantumu/?)

• I will post those letters for you.

(Saya akan mengirim surat tersebut untukmu)

• Shall I take you to the station?

(Maukah kamu agar saya mengantarmu ke stasiun?)

Demikianlah penjelasan singkat tentang ungkapan requests, permission and offers beserta contoh kalimatnya. Semoga penjelasan singkat tersebut dapat membantu teman – teman memahami penggunaan ungkapan tersebut. Semoga bermanfaat!

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Soal Latihan tentang Ungkapan Requests, Permission and Offers beserta Kunci Jawaban – Ungkapan requests, permission and offers adalah ungkapan bahasa Inggris dalam spoken English. Ungkapan – ungkapan tersebut memiliki frasa khusus yang membedakannya dengan ungkapan lainnya. Beberapa ungkapan tersebut digunakan untuk meminta seseorang melakukan sesuatu (requests) dan untuk memberi izin dan menawarkan sesuatu (permission and offers). Agar lebih memahami penggunaannya, berikut adalah soal latihan tentang ungkapan requests, permission and offers beserta kunci jawaban.

I. Decide if questions number 1 – 10 are a request (R), offer (O) or asking for permission (P).

Example:
Can I look at the newspaper a minute? > R

1. You don’t look too good. Shall I call a doctor for you? > ___
2. I am sorry to be a nuisance, but would it be all right if I spread these papers on the table here? It’ll only take a couple of minutes. > ___
3. This train’s running rather late. Would you like me to go and ask what’s happening? > ___
4. Are you going out now? Would you post these letters for me? > ___
5. I know you hate giving bad news. I’ll tell him if you like. > ___
6. Would you mind being a bit quieter, only I have got a headache? > ___
7. I need to call my parents. Could I use your phone for a second? > ___
8. My friend said there was a great news. Can I have a quick look at your newspaper? > ___
9. Can you buy me some apples when you go out? > ___
10. Do you want to cook the dinner for me? > ___

II. Use situations and instructions number 1 – to make offers and requests and ask for permission.

Example:
The phone is ringing. Offer to answer it.
> Would you like me to answer the phone?

1. Someone is carrying heavy bags. Offer to help.
…………………………………………………………………
2. You are writing a letter to a travel company. Request their brochure.
…………………………………………………………………
3. You are in a friend’s house. It’s hot. Ask permission to open the window.
…………………………………………………………………
4. Your friend needs to go to the airport. Offer to drive him / her there.
…………………………………………………………………
5. You are at a restaurant table with friends. Request the salt.
…………………………………………………………………
6. You need a day off work. Ask your boss for permission.
…………………………………………………………………
7. Your brother has a broken arm. Offer to tie his shoelaces.
…………………………………………………………………
8. Your neighbour is playing the music out loud at night. Ask her to turn it down.
………………………………………………………………….

III. Think of a suitable negative response to the requests and requests for permission (number 1-8).

Example:
I’d like to borrow your minidisc player if it is not too much trouble.
> Oh, I am sorry. I will be using it this weekend.

1. I need some fresh air. Is it Ok if I open the window?
………………………………………………………………………..
2. Oh I have just remembered. I need to call Jan. I do not suppose it would be possible to use your mobile for a few minutes?
………………………………………………………………………
3. You are going out are you? Can you just post these letters for me, please?
………………………………………………………………………
4. Can you take these tables and chairs and move them to the other room, please?
……………………………………………………………………….
5. I wonder if you could help me getting the food ready tomorrow night? I have got a lot of people coming for dinner.
……………………………………………………………………….
6. Do you want to eat out with me tonight? I don’t feel like cooking.
……………………………………………………………………….
7. Can you tell me how to use this DVD? I don’t understand the instructions.
……………………………………………………………………….
8. Can I have some more apple juice? I am still thirsty.
………………………………………………………………………..

Kunci Jawaban:
I.
1. O
2. P
3. O
4. R
5. O
6. R
7. P
8. P
9. R
10. R

II.
1. Would you like me to carry your bags?
2. Could you give me your travel company brochure?
3. It is hot here. Can I open the window, please?
4. Do you want me to drive you to the airport?
5. Can you pass the salt for me, please?
6. I wonder if I could have a day off work.
7. Your arm is broken. Let me tie your shoelaces.
8. Can you turn the music down, please?

III.
1. I am sorry. I don’t think it is good to open the window because it is very cold outside.
2. Oh I am sorry. I am still using my mobile phone right now because I also want to call my Mom.
3. I am sorry, I don’t think I could post your letters. I am in a hurry to go to the hospital.
4. I am very sorry I can’t do it. My hands still hurts.
5. I am so sorry. I’ll be going out tomorrow.
6. I am sorry I need to finish my paper tonight. Can we just buy food and eat it at home?
7. I am sorry. I don’t understand it either.
8. I am very sorry. It was the last glass of apple juice we had.

Demikianlah soal latihan tentang ungkapan requests, permission and offers beserta kunci jawaban. Semoga beberapa soal latihan tersebut dapat membantu teman – teman memahami penggunaan ungkapan – ungkapan tersebut. Terima kasih.

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Soal Latihan tentang Comparative and Superlative Adjectives dan Comparing Quantities – Comparative and superlative adjectives adalah kata sifat yang digunakan dalam membuat perbandingan dalam bahasa Inggris. Comparative adjectives biasanya digunakan untuk membandingkan antara 2 benda / hal, sedangkan superlative adjectives digunakan untuk membandingkan lebih dari 2 benda / hal. Untuk lebih jelasnya, berikut adalah soal latihan tentang comparative and superlative adjectives dan comparing quantities beserta kunci jawabannya.

I.In the conversation below, two friends are talking about a train journey. In numbers 1 – 8, underline the best phrase in italics.

A: Why are you going by train?

B: Because iy’s much cheaper / more cheaper than the plane.

A: But aren’t they both (1) the most expensive / more expensive than the coach?

B: Yes, but the coach is (2) less comfortable / least comfortable, and (3) much / more slower. And it is (4) more easy / easier to read on a train if I want to. All in all the train is (5) the best / the good choice for me.

A: How long does the train journey take?

B: About five hours. But I think it is one of the most beautiful (6) trip / trips you can do. You go very near the country’s (7) highest / the highest mountains. Even the food is (8) the best/ better these days!

II. A learner wrote the composition below, which compares her home city and her capital city. Underline eight more mistakes in it and write the corrections.

If you want to visit my country, you should try to visit my city and the capital, but there are some differences. my city is much more far north, so it gets colder in the rainy season, but you can sunbathe and swim in the sea in summer. It is more beautiful than the capital, too, because it is by the sea, and it has more hill, park and garden. It is bit more difficult to visit my city than the capital because we don’t have an international airport, but there are the best train and coach services than there used to be. One of the most interesting thing you can do near my city is take a tour into the jungle, and we also have some of the oldest buildings in the country. The capital is more modern, of course, so the buildings are more taller, and it has much more exciting nightlife. It’s also hoter in the dry season. But I think the people of my city are friendlier – maybe friendliest in the world! So do come and visit. The sooner you visit, happier I will be.

Write your answers here.

Example:

Much further

1. ______________
2. ______________
3. ______________
4. ______________
5. ______________
6. ______________
7. ______________
8. ______________

III. Three sports stars are talking about how their performance has changed in the last year. Read their descriptions and fill in the gaps with the comparative or superlative form of an adjective from the box.

tired                 strong              good                fast                  confident                     happy

I feel much (1) _______ now than last year. I have lifted 180 kg this year for the first time.

Yes, my game has improved a lot. I have done a lot of training, so I am much (2) ________ than before, and I am scoring more goals. The whole team is a lot (3) _________ to bear now!

This car is (4) __________ on the circuit. With the changes, everybody is much (5) ________ about the engine and gears, and it’s a bit (6) _________ to drive than it was.

Kunci Jawaban:

I.

1. More expensive
2. Less comfortable
3. More slower
4. Easier
5. The best
6. Trips
7. The highest
8. The best

II.

If you want to visit my country, you should try to visit my city and the capital, but there are some differences. My city is much more far north, so it gets colder in the rainy season, but you can sunbathe and swim in the sea in summer. It is more beautiful than the capital, too, because it is by the sea, and it has more hill, park and garden. It is bit more difficult to visit my city than the capital because we don’t have an international airport, but there are the best train and coach services than there used to be. One of the most interesting thing you can do near my city is take a tour into the jungle, and we also have some of the oldest buildings in the country. The capital is more modern, of course, so the buildings are more taller, and it has much more exciting nightlife. It’s also hoter in the dry season. But I think the people of my city are friendlier – maybe friendliest in the world! So do come and visit. The sooner you visit, happier I will be.

1. more hill, park and garden > more hills, parks and gardens
2. the best > better
3. One of the most interesting thing > one of the most interesting things
4. take a tour > to take / taking a tour
5. more taller > taller
6. hoter > hotter
7. friendliest > the friendliest
8. happier > the happier

III.

1. Stronger
2. More tired
3. More confidence
4. Better
5. Happier
6. Faster

Demikianlah soal latihan tentang comparative and superlative adjectives dan comparing quantities beserta kunci jawabannya. Semoga soal latihan di atas dapat membantu teman – teman memahami materi tersebut. Terima kasih.

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Pengertian Comparative and Superlative Adjectives dan Comparing Quantities – Comparative and superlative adjectives adalah kata sifat yang digunakan untuk membandingkan sesuatu dengan yang lainnya. Perbandingan (comparing) dalam bahasa Inggris memiliki banyak aturan dalam penggunaannya, termasuk di dalamnya aturan dalam penggunaan comparing quantities. Berikut adalah pengertian comparative and superlative adjectives dan comparing quantities beserta contoh kalimatnya.

A. Comparative Adjectives

Comparative adjectives adalah kata sifat yang digunakan untuk membandingkan sesuatu dengan suatu hal / benda lainnya (umumnya perbandingan 2 benda). Penggunaan comparative adjectives ini memiliki beberapa aturan sebagai berikut.

1) Comparative adjectives digunakan untuk membandingkan 2 benda.

Contoh kalimat:

The flying train is lighter than a jet.

(Kereta gantung lebih ringan daripada sebuah jet)

2) Comparative adjectives digunakan untuk membandingkan hal yang sama dalam waktu yang berbeda.

Contoh kalimat:

Train tickets are more expensive now, aren’t they?

(Tiket kereta sekarang lebih mahal, kan?)

3) Comparative adjectives sering diikuti oleh klausa ‘than …’, terutama dalam written English (bahasa Inggris tertulis). Selain itu, kita juga dapat menambahkan sebuah kata / frasa sebelum kata perbandingan untuk memberi informasi lebih tentang perbandingan tersebut.

Contoh kalimat:

The flying train is far / a lot safer than a plane, yet a little bit slower. It can take you much nearer to a city centre, and it’s little quieter than road traffic.

(Kereta gantung sangat / jauh lebih aman daripada pesawat, namun agak lebih lambat. Kereta dapat membawamu dengan cepat ke dekat pusat kota dan suasana naik kereta lebih tenang daripada kemacetan di jalan raya)

4) Kita juga dapat memberi penekanan pada comparative adjectives dengan kata ‘even’.

Contoh kalimat:

Yesterday was hot, but today is even hotter.

(Kemarin cuaca panas, namun hari ini bahkan lebih panas)

B. Superlative Adjectives

Superlative adjectives adalah kata sifat yang digunakan untuk perbandingan dan memiliki beberapa aturan sebagai berikut.

1) Superlative adjectives digunakan untuk menunjukkan bahwa sesuatu berbeda dari yang lainnya yang dibandingkan.

Contoh kalimat:

• They are building the fastest jet in the world. à means: it is faster than all other jets.

(Mereka sedang membuat pesawat jet tercepat di dunia. à arti: pesawat jet tersebut lebih cepat dari pada yang lainnya)

• That was the best journey I have ever had. à means: it was better than all other journeys.

(Itu adalah perjalanan yang paling baik yang pernah saya alami. à arti: perjalanan tersebut lebih baik dari seluruh perjalannya)

2) Kata the atau possessive adjectives (my, your, her, Japan’s, etc) terletak sebelum kata superlative. Kita juga dapat menggunakan pola one of the / some of the + superlative + plural.

Contoh kalimat:

This is one of the most exciting modern transport developments, and it will have one of the world’s longest tunnels.

(Ini adalah salah satu perkembangan transportasi modern yang menakjubkan, dan  akan memiliki salah satu jalur terpanjang di dunia)

3) Kita juga dapat menggunakan pola in + place dan of + period of time dengan bentuk superlatives.

Contoh kalimat:

Yesterday was the hotest day of this year.

(Kemarin adalah hari yang terpanas di tahun ini)

C. Comparing Quantities

Untuk menyatakan perbandingan dalam bahasa Inggris memerlukan beberapa kata khusus. Perhatikan tabel di bawah ini.

Contoh kalimat:

The flying train will carry more people than a jet, but fewer (people) than a ship. It will use the least fuel of any fast transport.

(Kereta gantung akan membawa lebih banyak orang daripada pesawat jet, namun lebih sedikit (orang) daripada sebuah kapal. Kereta gantung tersebut akan menggunakan paling sedikit bahan bakar dari alat transportasi cepat lainnya)

D. Bentuk Adjectives, Comparatives, dan Superlatives

Demikianlah pengertian comparative and superlative adjectives dan comparing quantities beserta contoh kalimatnya. Penjelasan tersebut semoga dapat membantu teman – teman dalam mendalami bahasa Inggris lebih baik lagi. Terima kasih.

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Penggunaan Must, May, Might, Could dan Can’t untuk Menunjukkan Kemungkinan (Possibility) – Kemungkinan (possibility) dalam bahasa Inggris dapat ditunjukkan dengan berbagai macam kata dan juga frasa. Beberapa kata yang dapat digunakan untuk menunjukkan kemungkinan adalah must, may, might, could dan juga can’t. Selain itu, beberapa kata keterangan (adverbs) seperti certainly, probably dan possibly juga dapat digunakan dalam mengungkapkan possibility. Agar lebih jelasnya, berikut adalah penjelasan penggunaan must, may, might, could dan can’t untuk menunjukkan kemungkinan (possibility).

A. Expressing Prossibility in the Present (Mengungkapkan Kemungkinan di Masa Kini)

Beberapa kata kerja modal (modal verbs) seperti must, may, might, could dan can’t, serta beberapa kata keterangan (adverbs) seperti certainly, probably, dan possibility dapat digunakan untuk menunjukkan pandangan seseorang tentang seberapa pastinya suatu hal.

Perhatikan tabel berikut ini.

Contoh kalimat:

• That must be a fish, not a dinosaur. > meaning: I am certain it’s a fish.

(Itu pasti seekor ikan, bukan seekor dinosaurus. > arti: saya yakin itu adalah seekor ikan)

• They can’t be dinosaur bones. > meaning: I am certain they are not dinosaur bones.

(Itu tidak mungkin tulang dinosaurus. > arti: saya yakin itu bukan tulang dinosaurus)

• We may have the game you want. I will look at the back of the shop.

(Kami mungkin memiliki permainan yang kamu inginkan. Saya akan melihatnya dulu di toko)

• She might be home by now. Let’s phone her and see.

(Dia mungkin sudah berada di rumah sekarang. Ayo telpon dia dan lihat sekarang)

B. Bentuk Penggunaan Modal Verbs dalam Menyatakan Kemungkinan (Possibility)

Untuk menyatakan kemungkinaan menggunakan modal verbs terdapat beberapa pola bentuk kalimat sebagai berikut.

1) Modal verb + infinitive (without ‘to’)

Contoh kalimat:

• He must be happy now he’s married.

(Dia pasti bahagia sekarang dia telah menikah)

• He might visit her every Saturday. I can’t remember.

(Dia mungkin mengunjunginya setiap hari Sabtu. Saya tidak ingat)

2) Modal verb + be + Verb–ing

Contoh kalimat:

• She isn’t at home. She must be visiting her sister.

(Dia tidak berada di rumah. Dia pasti sedang mengunjungi adiknya)

• My brother may be playing football by this time.

(kakak saya mungkin sedang bermain sepak bola pada saat ini)

3) Bentuk pertanyaan: Do you think + modal (kecuali may)

Contoh kalimat:

• Do you think she might be at home at the moment?

(Apakah menurutmu dia mungkin berada di rumah sekarang?)

• Do you think they could win the speech competition?

(Apakah menurutmu mereka dapat memenangkan kompetisi pidato tersebut?)

C. Adverbs of Possibility (Kata Keterangan untuk Menunjukkan Kemungkinan)

1) Kata perhaps dan maybe sering digunakan untuk memulai sebuah kalimat.

Contoh kalimat:

• Perhaps she is at home.

(Mungkin dia berada di rumah)

• Maybe she is getting lunch ready.

(Mungkin dia sedang menyiapkan makanan)

2) kata certainly, probably dan possibly dapat terletak:

a. setelah kata bantu (auxiliary / to be)

Contoh kalimat:

• She is certainly at home.

(Dia pasti berada di rumah)

• The students are probably preparing for the final competition in library now.

(Para murid kemungkinan sedang menyiapkan diri untuk kompetisi final di perpustakaan sekarang)

b. sebelum kata kerja utama (main verb) dan negatives

Contoh kalimat:

• She certainly likes

(Dia pasti suka memasak)

• They probably want to go to the swimming pool today.

(Mereka mungkin ingin pergi ke kolam renang pada hari ini)

Catatan:

• Hanya terdapat perbedaan makna kecil antara may, could dan might.
• Kata must not tidak digunakan untuk menyatakan kemungkinan (possibility).
• Couldn’t tidaklah sama dengan can’t atau might not.
• Kata can dapat memiliki makna yang sama dengan ‘sometimes’ (kadang – kadang).

Contoh kalimat:

• It can rain a lot round here in early summer. > meaning: it sometimes rains.

(Hujan deras dapat sering terjadi di sekitar sini saat awal musim panas. > arti: kadang – adang hujan)

• She can be very determined if she does not get what she wants. > meaning: she is sometimes very determined.

(Dia dapat menjadi sangat bersikukuh jika dia tidak mendapatkan apa yang dia mau. > arti: dia terkadang sangat bersikukuh)

• Kita juga dapat mengatakan ‘You must be joking!’ (kamu pasti bercanda!) untuk memberi respon terhadap berita yang tidak mungkin atau terhadap permintaan yang tidak mungkin untuk dilakukan.

Contoh kalimat:

A            : Can you come to work on Sunday? We have got lots to do.

(Dapatkah kamu pergi bekerja pada hari Minggu? Kami memiliki banyak hal

yang harus dikerjakan)

B            : You must be joking! I need the break.

(kamu pasti bercanda! Saya butuh liburan)

Demikianlah penjelasan penggunaan must, may, might, could dan can’t untuk menunjukkan kemungkinan (possibility). Semoga penjelasan di atas bermanfaat untuk teman – teman. Terima kasih.

The post Penggunaan Must, May, Might, Could dan Can’t untuk Menunjukkan Kemungkinan (Possibility) appeared first on Cara Mudah Belajar Bahasa Inggris.

Contoh Soal tentang Penggunaan Must, May, Might, Could dan Can’t for Possibility – Beberapa kata kerja modal (modal verbs) seperti must, may, might, could dan can’t dapat digunakan untuk menunjukkan / membicarakan tentang kemungkinan. Modal verbs tersebut dapat memiliki makna berbeda tergantung dengan konteks pembicaraan, mulai dari hal yang kurang pasti (less certain) hingga yang pasti (certain). Untuk memahami lebih jauh, berikut adalah contoh soal tentang penggunaan must, may, might, could dan can’t for possibility beserta kunci jawabannya.

I. The modal verbs can’t, could, might and must have been removed from the text below. Put them back in the right places.

Scientists have never found the death worm of the Gobi Desert. People who live there believe it is real. A local man told researchers that a death worm once killed a boy and his parents instantly when they tried to remove it from the child’s toy box. An American also died when he touched a worm.

The incredible conclusion that (1) ___________ be drawn is that the worm can kill by using electricity. This amazing animal (2) ___________ even be able to pass electricity across a small space, which (3) ___________ explain the belief among the Gobi people that it can kill from a distance.

But does the worm exist? The answer (4) ___________ be far off, surely, with all those scientists looking for it.

II. In comments number 1 -8 below, tick (v) the beginning (point a or b) which best matches the continuation on the right.

Example:

1. a) He can’t be the murderer. v His feet look bigger than the footprints found at
2. b) He isn’t the murderer. __ the scene of the crime.

III. Fill in the gaps with a suitable phrase expressing possibility (might, could, can’t, must, may).

Example:

A         : Let’s go and see Louise.

B         : No, let’s phone first. She might not be there and it would be a shame to go all that

way and then have to come home again.

1. A : Look at that! There is an animal through those trees. What do you think it is?

B  : I don’t know, but I suppose it ____________________ because it is big and brown.

2. A : I am really sorry. I don’t have those figures you asked me for.

B  : I don’t believe it! You ___________________ ! The presentation is this afternoon,

and they are the main part of it!

3. In my opinion, football is the only sport worth watching, although baseball _____________________ from time to time.

4. What? You want me to do my job and yours while you are on holiday? You _____________________ ! No way. Sorry.

5. I think we should go to his party. I know the last one was boring, but we know he has put a lot effort into it. you never know, this one _______________________ .

Kunci Jawaban:

I.

1. Could
2. Might
3. Must
4. Can’t

II.

1. a) That might be someone swimming out there
2. a) Maybe he is unhappy at work
3. a) Shhh! Someone must be listening.
4. b) He must be the one for the job.
5. b) You can’t have a sore wrist from using the computer.
6. b) It is hard working at night all the time.
7. b) He likes Beethoven. Look at all his CDs.
8. a) She might not be home yet.

III.

1. It may be a bear
2. You can’t be kidding me!
3. Could be interesting / exciting
4. You must be joking! / You must be kidding!
5. Might be very exciting

Demikianlah contoh soal tentang penggunaan must, may, might, could dan can’t for possibility beserta kunci jawabannya. Semoga contoh soal tersebut dapat menambah pemahaman teman – teman tentang materi terkait. Good luck!

The post Contoh Soal tentang Penggunaan Must, May, Might, Could dan Can’t for Possibility appeared first on Cara Mudah Belajar Bahasa Inggris.

Penjelasan tentang Sentence Combining dalam Bahasa Inggris beserta Contohnya – Membuat sebuah kalimat dalam bahasa Inggris membutuhkan beberapa aturan yang harus teman – teman ketahui. Sebuah kalimat dalam bahasa Inggris pun sebaiknya tidak mengulang subjek yang telah disebutkan sebelumnya. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan adanya sentence combining untuk membuat sebuah kalimat terdengar lebih efektif. Apakah itu sentence combining? Berikut adalah penjelasan tentang sentence combining dalam bahasa Inggris beserta contohnya.

A. Pengertian Sentence Combining

Sentence combining adalah cara menggabungkan dua kalimat pendek menjadi 1 kalimat yang lebih panjang. Beberapa kalimat yang lebih panjang tersebut akan membentuk sebuah paragraf. Sentence combining ini adalah salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan keterampilan menulis.

B. Ways to Combine Sentence (Cara Menggabungkan Kalimat)

Dalam bahasa Inggris, ada beberapa cara untuk menggabungkan kalimat. Akan tetapi, ada beberapa aturan yang harus teman – teman ketahui yaitu sebagai berikut:

1. Don’t repeat words if possible.

Jangan mengulang kata – kata yang sama dalam sebuah kalimat.

2. Omitting words is possible, but don’t leave out any important information.

Beberapa kata dapat dihilangkan, namun jangan menghilangkan infirmasi yang penting dalam kalimat.

3. You may change words.

Kata – kata dalam kalimat bahasa Inggris dapat diubah. Artinya, kita dapat mengubah sebuah kata benda (noun) menjadi kata ganti (pronoun), atau membuat kata yang tunggal menjadi jamak.

4. You may add words.

Kita dapat menambahkan kata – kata. Maksudnya disini, kata – kata yang bisa ditambahkan adalah kata hubung (conjunctions).

C. Contoh Sentence Combining

a) Example 1

a. I am a man.

(Saya seorang lelaki)

b. I am famous.

(Saya terkenal)

Combined sentence:

I am a famous man.

(Saya seorang lelaki terkenal)

Penjelasan:

Kalimat i am a man dan i am famous adalah kalimat yang benar secara grammar (grammatically correct), namun seorang native speaker tidak akan mengatakannya karena ia tidak ingin mengulang kata I am. Kalimat lain yang mungkin untuk ditulis adalah I am a man who is famous, namun kalimat tersebut mengandung kata – kata yang sebenarnya tidak terlalu perlu (who is).

b) Example 2

a. He has black hair.

(Dia memiliki rambut putih)

b. He has a long brown beard.

(Dia memiliki jenggot putih yang panjang)

Combined sentence:

He has black hair and a long brown beard.

(Dia memiliki rambut putih dan jenggot coklat yang panjang)

Penjelasan:

Dalam kalimat gabungan di atas, kata white jangan sampai dihilangkan dalam ungkapan white hair dan a long white beard karena kata white tersebut termasuk informasi penting.

D. Contoh Soal

I. Combine the two sentences to make one sentence. Then, write your new sentences in paragraph form.

Who Am I?

1. a. I am a cartoon animal.
b. I am famous.
I am a famous cartoon animal.

2. a. I have big ears.
b. I have black ears.
_________________________

3. a. I always wear red shorts.
b. I always wear white gloves.
_________________________

4. a. I look like an animal.
b. I talk like a human.
_________________________

5. a. I work in Disneyland.
b. I live in Disneyland.
____________________________

6. a. I stand around in Disneyland.
b. I smile a lot in Disneyland.
____________________________

7. a. I sometimes team up with my friend Minnie.
b. I sometimes team up with my friend Goofy.
_________________________________

8. a. Together we greet visitors.
b. We pose for photographs.
_________________________________

9. I am _____________________________ .
(Write the name of this cartoon animal. Do not write your own name)

Who Am I?

I am a famous cartoon animal.

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

1. Answer the following questions correctly.

1. What is a paragraph?
2. What is a sentence?
3. What is simple sentence?
4. What kind of ideas do you connect with and?
5. When do you use or? (Give two answers)

Kunci Jawaban:

2. I am a famous cartoon animal.
3. I have big black ears.
4. I always wear red shorts and white gloves.
5. I look like an animal but talk like a human.
6. I work and live in Disneyland.
7. I stand around and smile a lot in Disneyland.
8. I sometimes team up with my friend Minnie or Goofy.
9. Together we pose for photographs and greet visitors.
10. I am Mickey Mouse.

Who Am I?

I am a famous cartoon animal. I have big black ears. I always wear red shorts and white gloves. I look like an animal but talk like a human. I work and live in Disneyland. I stand around and smile a lot in Disneyland. I sometimes team up with my frien Minnie or Goofy. Together we pose for photographs and greet visitors. I am Mickey Mouse.

II.

1. A paragraph is a text which is constructed from some sentences (a group of sentences).
2. A sentence is a group of words that have one complete idea or thought.
3. A simple sentence is a sentence who has only one pair subject-verb.
4. And is a conjunction that is used to combine sentences in positive meaning.
5. Or is a conjunction that is used to combine sentence in negative meaning, and is used to show that there are more than one choices.

Demikianlah penjelasan tentang sentence combining dalam bahasa Inggris beserta contohnya. Semoga penjelasan singkat di atas dapat menambah pemahaman teman – teman tentang materi ini. Terima kasih.

The post Penjelasan tentang Sentence Combining dalam Bahasa Inggris beserta Contohnya appeared first on Cara Mudah Belajar Bahasa Inggris.

Penjelasan Detail tentang Organization in Writing beserta Contoh Soal – Dalam penulisan bahasa Inggris (English writing), ada beberapa aturan yang harus teman – teman ketahui, salah satunya yaitu organization in English writing. Apakah yang dimaksud dengan organization dalam penulisan bahasa Inggris? Kita akan membahasnya dalam penjelasan kali ini. Berikut adalah penjelasan detail tentang organization in writing beserta contoh soalnya.

A. Pengertian Organization in Writing

Organization in writing adalah cara mengatur hal – hal yang berhubungan dengan penulisan dalam bahasa Inggris, baik itu berupa ide tulisan, tampilan tulisan, dan sebagainya. Sebuah paragraf yang well-organized akan mudah untuk dibaca dan dimengerti karena ide – ide yang terkandung di dalamnya sudah berada dalam bentuk yang teratur. Salah satu pola yang sering diterapkan dalam penulisan bahasa Inggris adalah listing order.

B. Penjelasan Listing-Order Paragraph

Dalam membuat listing-order paragraph, kita membagi sebuah topik tulisan menjadi beberapa bagian terpisah. Lalu, kita mendiskusikan satu poin, poin berikutnya, lalu poin selanjutnya, dan seterusnya. Ada beberapa hal utama yang harus diketahui sebagai kunci untuk menulis listing-order paragraph yaitu sebagai berikut:

1. Write a sentence in the beginning part that names your topic and says it has several points.

Mulailah dengan menulis sebuah kalimat yang mengandung topik tulisan secara keseluruhan dan yang mencakup beberapa poin penting terkait topik.

2. Write about each point separately.

Tulislah setiap poin yang terkait topik tulisan tersebut secara terpisah. Bahas satu poin terlebih dahulu, bahas poin berikutnya, dan seterusnya.

3. Write a sentence in the ending part that reminds your reader about the points you just discussed.

Akhiri dengan sebuah kalimat yang mengingatkan para pembaca tentang poin – poin yang telah dibahas sebelumnya pada bagian isi. Bagian akhir ini juga dapat berupa kesimpulan yang berisi pengulangan topik pada bagian awal namun dengan gaya kalimat yang berbeda.

C. Bagian – Bagian Paragraf (Parts of Paragraph)

Dalam penulisan bahasa Inggris, sebuah paragraf umumnya memiliki 3 bagian yaitu sebagai berikut:

1. Topic sentence (kalimat / gagasan utama)

Topik dalam sebuah paragraf sangatlah penting dan setiap paragraf haruslah memiliki topik yang termuat dalam gagasan utama (topic sentence). Kalimat pertama dalam sebuah paragraf adalah sebuah kalimat yang berisi sebuah topik dan memberitahukan apa yang akan dijelaskan lebih lanjut dalam paragraf mengenai topik tersebut. Oleh karena itu, kalimat utama dalam sebuah paragraf disebut sebagai kalimat utama / gagasan utama (topic sentence).

2. Supporting sentence (kalimat pendukung)

Kalimat – kalimat selanjutnya yang terletak di tengah paragraf disebut sebagai kalimat pendukung (supporting sentence). Supporting sentence berfungsi untuk memberikan penjelasan lebih jauh tentang kalimat utama serta memberikan / berisi beberapa contoh terkait topik yang berada dalam kalimat utama. Supporting sentence ini juga terkadang dapat berisi penjabaran dari poin – poin yang termuat dalam kalimat utama. Perlu diingat bahwa supporting sentence tidak bisa berdiri sendiri sebagai kalimat utama karena hanya merupakan detail dan tidak memiliki informasi umum yang menyeluruh.

3. Concluding sentence (kalimat kesimpulan)

Kalimat terakhir dalam sebuah pararaf disebut sebagai kalimat kesimpulan (concluding sentence). Sebuah kalimat kesimpulan (concluding sentence) umumnya berisi pernyataan yang mengulang apa yang ada dalam kalimat utama terkait topik, namun ditulis dalam bentuk dan susunan kalimat yang berbeda. Jenis kalimat ini juga terkadang berisi rangkuman poin – poin penting yang telah diuraikan sebelumnya.

D. Contoh Soal

Read the text below.

Flight Attendants

Flight attendants have three important characteristics. First, flight attendants are friendly. All flight attendants should greet every passenger and should be able to make them feel comfortable. Passengers are sometimes afraid of flying. A flight attendant must be friendly so that he or she can talk to them and help them feel calm. A flight attendant could explain strange noises made by the aircraft. Second, flight attendants are self-confident. Their job are not only to greet passengers and to make them feel comfortable, but also to give instructions to passengers. They must also be firm enough so that passengers obey them. This characteristic is especially important in emergencies. Third, flight attendants are physically strong. During the flight, flight attendants push heavy carts of food and drinks up and down the aisles, and have to open and close the heavy doors of airplanes. In conclusion, flight attendants must be friendly, self-confident, and strong.

Answer the following questions in the space provided.

1. Look at the title. What is the topic of this paragraph?
_______________________________________________________________________

2. Look at the first sentence. What does it say about the topic?
_______________________________________________________________________

3. How many important points in this paragraph related to the topic?
_______________________________________________________________________

4. List the points here:
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________

5. Now look at the last sentence. What information does it repeat?
_______________________________________________________________________

Kunci Jawaban:

1. The topic of the paragraph is flight attendants.
2. The first sentence contains more detail about the topic. It is about the three important characteristics of flight attendants.
3. There are 3 important points in this paragraph that are related to the topic.
4. The points are:
a. First, flight attendants are friendly.
b. Second, flight attendants are self-confident.
c. Third, flight attendants are physically strong.
5. The last sentence repeats the three points in the body. The last sentence is about the important characteristics of flight attendants: friendly, self-confident, and strong.

Demikianlah penjelasan detail tentang organization in writing beserta contoh soalnya. Semoga teman – teman dapat memahami penjelasan tersebut dengan baik. Semoga bermanfaat!

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